How to determine Plumbing drainage stack size.
Determining the correct vertical drainage pipe stack size involves considering factors such as the total number of fixtures, their respective Drainage Fixture Unit (DFU) values, the type of fixtures, the slope of the pipe, and the building codes and standards applicable in your area. Here's a general step-by-step process to help you determine the vertical drainage pipe stack size:
Identify all Fixtures: Create a list of all the plumbing fixtures that will be connected to the vertical stack. Examples of fixtures include toilets, sinks, showers, bathtubs, floor drains, etc.
Assign DFU Values: Each fixture has an assigned DFU value, representing the flow rate and usage. These values are standardized and can be found in plumbing codes or tables like the UPC. Sum up the total DFU values for all the fixtures you listed.
Check Local Codes: Consult the local plumbing code or regulations to determine the maximum allowable DFUs for a vertical stack of a specific diameter. Codes may vary by region, and the allowed DFUs for different pipe sizes will be specified in these documents.
Calculate Total DFUs vs. Maximum Allowable DFUs: Compare the total DFUs calculated in Step 2 with the maximum allowable DFUs from the local plumbing code. If the total DFUs exceed the maximum allowed, you may need to consider a larger stack diameter.
Consider the Slope: Vertical stacks should have an appropriate slope to facilitate proper drainage. Consult the plumbing code for the required minimum slope for the chosen stack diameter.
Account for Future Growth: If you expect future expansions or increased fixture loads, it's wise to account for them during the sizing process. Plan for potential changes to avoid costly modifications later on.
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